Skip to content

Light-powered motor fits inside a strand of hair

The second gear from the right has an optical metamaterial that react to laserlight and makes the gear move. All gears are made in silica directly on a chip. Each gear is about 0.016 mm in diameter.
The second gear from the right has an optical metamaterial that react to laserlight and makes the gear move. All gears are made in silica directly on a chip. Each gear is about 0.016 mm in diameter. Photo: Gan Wang

Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have made light-powered gears on a micrometer scale. This paves the way for the smallest on-chip motors in history, which can fit inside a strand of hair.

Gears are everywhere – from clocks and cars to robots and wind turbines. For more than 30 years, researchers have been trying to create even smaller gears in order to construct micro-engines. But progress stalled at 0.1 millimetres, as it was not possible to build the drive trains needed to make them move any smaller.

Researchers from Gothenburg University, among others, have now broken through this barrier by ditching traditional mechanical drive trains and instead using laser light to set the gears in motion directly.

Highlights and events

Researchers at Chalmers have discovered a quick and easy way to study the hidden forces that bind the smallest objects in the universe together. Photo: Mia Halleröd Palmgren
2025 10 31
Myfab Chalmers

A platform of gold reveals the forces of nature’s invisible glue

Read more
2025 10 29
Myfab Uppsala , Myfab Chalmers

Minimal pixels achieve the highest possible resolution visible to the human eye

Read more
Katia Gallo in her lab
2025 10 15
Myfab KTH

Quantum communication could become the superpower of the future

Read more
person processing in cleanroom
2025 10 13
Myfab Lund

Myfab Lund strengthens Obducat’s R&D capabilities

Read more
See all highlights